Journal of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery

Online ISSN: 2433-1783 Print ISSN: 2433-2720
Japanese Society of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery
Japanese Society of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery Academy Center, 358-5 Yamabuki-cho, Shinju-ku, Tokyo 162-0801, Japan
Journal of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery 5(1): 30-35 (2021)
doi:10.24509/jpccs.20-028

Case ReportCase Report

Clinical Experience of Treatment with Rapamycin Analog for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Complicated by Noonan Syndrome with Multiple Lentigines

1Department of Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine ◇ Kanagawa, Japan

2Department of Radiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine ◇ Kanagawa, Japan

受付日:2020年8月18日Received: August 18, 2020
受理日:2020年12月30日Accepted: December 30, 2020
発行日:2021年3月1日Published: March 1, 2021
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Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NSML) is frequently associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with severe left ventricular tract outflow obstruction (LVOTO); however, standard HCM treatments are often ineffective. Recently, HCM attenuation was observed in the NSML mouse model treated with a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, rapamycin; however, there have been few reports on its clinical experience. Herein, we describe our experience with the treatment using a rapamycin analog, sirolimus, in a 19-year-old adolescent boy with NSML and HCM accompanied by severe LVOTO. The patient was already diagnosed with NSML by genetic examination (heterozygous Q510E mutation in PTPN11). HCM was complicated by severe LVOTO and was refractory to conventional treatment. We initiated sirolimus treatment (1 mg/day) for 16 weeks. Echocardiographic measurement and tissue Doppler evaluation of the left ventricular diastolic function did not significantly change before and after the treatment. Although the brain natriuretic peptide levels temporarily decreased, the values at 16 weeks after sirolimus administration were almost equal to levels before administration. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) at 8 weeks after sirolimus treatment revealed elevation of native T1 value in the entire left ventricular wall, suggesting fibrosis of the entire left ventricle, which seemed to be irreversible. In our case, the effect of the rapamycin analog sirolimus could not be confirmed. Given the results of cMRI, treatment may have been started too late. It remains possible that the results would have been different if treatment had been started before extensive fibrosis occurred in the myocardium.

Key words: Noonan syndrome; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; rapamycin; cardiac MRI; T1 mapping

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